Conclusions
Results supported our hypothesis that chloride levels in the
retention pond will greatly increase due to the use of road salt.
The three sample areas show similar patterns of a change of chloride levels: an
increase then a decrease (FIGURE 1).
Levels at site 3 were higher compared to site 1 and 2, possibly due to the
higher road salt use in areas that drain to this part of the pond.
The observed patterns of chloride levels are probably explained by the record
amounts of snow, below freezing temperatures, and warm days with snow and ice
melting.
In a similar study conducted last year, the highest recorded chloride level in
the Edgewood Retention Pond was 465 mg/L. Our highest record was 7000 mg/L. Our
study differed in that we tested three sites in the pond whereas this group took
samples from the same spot. When comparing results, the first noticeable
increase in chloride levels was observed in the month of December. Both studies
also had a large increase in chloride levels during the months of January and
February.
Because of the large amount of snow, more road salt was applied. However, the
overuse of salt can negatively impact the environment. The following are
examples of impacts:
Vegetation
Inhibition of seed germination and root growth for
grasses and wildflowers.
Competition to native species from salt-tolerant invasive
species.
Wildlife:
Compromised health in birds ingesting salt at 266
mg/kg; median lethal dose in
birds and mammals in 3,000 mg/kg.
Aquatic life:
Decreased dissolved oxygen and increased nutrient
loading, promoting
eutrophication.
Reduction of number and diversity of maconinvertebrates.
Median lethal dose (7 days exposure to salt) for 17 species
of fish, amphibians,
crustaceans ranges from 1,440-6,031 mg/L (mean value of 3,345 mg/L)
(2006).